Spinal tumours

What it is

A spinal tumour is an abnormal growth in the bones of the spine, in the coverings of the spinal cord, or in the cord itself. Some are benign, such as meningiomas and nerve sheath tumours.

The most common spinal tumours in adults are cancers that have spread to the spine from elsewhere, for example the breast, prostate or lung.

How we diagnose it

• Examination of the nerves and spine
• An MRI scan of the whole spine
• A CT scan to assess the bone
• A biopsy to identify the type of tumour, and scans of the rest of the body when needed

When surgery is needed

Surgery is recommended to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves, to remove a tumour, to obtain a diagnosis, or to stabilise a spine weakened by tumour.

Benign tumours can often be removed completely. For cancer that has spread, the aim is to protect walking, control pain and keep the spine stable, usually followed by radiotherapy.

Recovery

Recovery depends on the type of tumour and how much the nerves were affected before treatment. The earlier pressure on the spinal cord is relieved, the better the chance of keeping or regaining strength.

All surgery carries risks, including infection, bleeding and nerve injury. Dr Mba will explain the risks and benefits that apply to you before any decision is made.